Mass and Volume Scaling Factors
Volume Scaling Factor (SFV)<br /><br /><br /> Volume of fluid injected per well <br /> SFV = ------------------------------------------<br /> Pore volume of BTV
Mass Scaling Factor (SFM)<br /><br /><br /> Amount of oil injected per well <br /> SFM = ---------------------------------------------<br /> Maximum oil retention within BTV
We also use two scaling factors in the design calculations.
The volume scaling factor is equal to the volume of water and oil injected divided the pore volume of the Base Treatment Volume.
The mass scaling factor is equal to the amount of oil injected per well divided by the maximum oil retention in the BTV.
When we first started working with emulsified oils, we recommended that people inject one pore volume of water and enough oil to fill up all the attachment sites within the treatment zone.
This is essentially the same as using volume and mass scaling factors of one.
However, many people noticed the emulsions were transported through the aquifer much more quickly than expected.
In many cases, monitor wells would turn milky white indicating emulsion breakthrough after injecting only 0.2 pore volumes.
This rapid break is probably due to rapid transport of emulsion through higher permeability layers.
Since the emulsion was obviously being transported much more rapidly than expected, many people started injecting less oil and less water.
This is equivalent to using mass and volume scaling factors less than one.
In later model simulations, we will look at the effect of injecting less oil and water on contact efficiency.